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Glossary · Web development

GraphQL

A query language for APIs that lets clients request exactly the fields they need — alternative to REST, especially good for complex front-ends.

Definition

In long form.

GraphQL exposes a single endpoint and a typed schema; clients send queries declaring exactly which fields and nested relationships they need. The server resolves and returns only those fields. Benefits over REST: clients avoid over-fetching and under-fetching, evolve independently from the server, and get strong typing. Downsides: more complex caching (CDN-level caching is harder), N+1 query problems are easy to introduce, and the operational tooling is less mature than REST. Strong fit for product surfaces with many client variants.

In context

We use GraphQL when the client is a complex single-page app or mobile app with many views, each needing slightly different data shapes. For simple service APIs or webhooks, REST is usually a better fit.

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